D464 Managing Operations - Set 1 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Fishbone Diagram

The fishbone diagram, also known as the cause-and-effect diagram, helps identify potential root causes of defects in a product by categorizing possible sources of variation. Control charts are used to monitor processes over time, Pareto charts prioritize the most frequent issues, and scatter diagrams show the correlation between variables.

Correct Answer: Checklist

A checklist is used to track the frequency of defects, helping to identify patterns or issues that require attention. It is an effective quality management tool for recording defects and making process improvements.

Correct Answer: Screen patients and fast-track those with minor ailments

Screening patients and fast-tracking those with minor ailments helps reduce waiting times, allowing more urgent cases to be prioritized. This method is particularly effective in healthcare settings to manage wait times efficiently.

Correct Answer: Kaizen

Kaizen focuses on continuous improvement by making small, incremental changes to processes. Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing, and ISO 9000 are other quality management frameworks but differ in their approach.

Correct Answer: Control Chart

A control chart is used to track and monitor process performance over time, identifying variations and ensuring that the process remains in control. It helps in making necessary adjustments before issues escalate.

Correct Answer: Center-of-Gravity Approach

The center-of-gravity approach is used to determine an optimal location for a business that will minimize the transportation costs to multiple destinations.

Correct Answer: Specify the exact quantity to be produced

Kanban is used in JIT systems to indicate how much of an item needs to be produced, reducing the risk of overproduction and keeping inventory levels low.

Correct Answer: Cpk Index

The Cpk index measures how well a process produces output that fits within specification limits, considering both the mean and variability of the process.

Correct Answer: The longest task that limits overall throughput

A bottleneck is the process step that takes the longest time, thus limiting the overall output of a system. Identifying and improving bottlenecks is crucial to increasing efficiency.

Correct Answer: To standardize performance measurement across supply chains

The SCOR model provides a standardized framework for evaluating and improving supply chain performance by focusing on metrics such as reliability, flexibility, and costs.

Correct Answer: Backward Scheduling

Backward scheduling determines when a job must be started in order to complete it by a specified due date. This approach is useful for meeting customer delivery deadlines.

Correct Answer: Standard Deviation

Standard deviation measures the dispersion or variability of a dataset from its mean, indicating the spread of values within a process.

Correct Answer: Capacity Adjustment

Hiring temporary workers is a form of capacity adjustment used to quickly meet sudden increases in demand, helping the company maintain production levels.

Correct Answer: Process Layout

Process layouts are used to group similar types of equipment or functions together, allowing for greater flexibility in manufacturing products with different processing needs.

Correct Answer: Technical tools and people involvement

Six Sigma focuses on using technical tools (such as statistical analysis) and ensuring people involvement to drive process improvements and achieve high-quality results.

Correct Answer: Capacity Utilization

Capacity utilization measures the percentage of a company's total production capacity that is being used, helping identify underutilized resources and improve efficiency.

Correct Answer: Flowchart

A flowchart visually represents the steps in a process, allowing for easy analysis and identification of potential areas for improvement.

Correct Answer: Center-of-Gravity Approach

The center-of-gravity approach is used to identify an optimal location that minimizes the transportation costs to multiple customers, ensuring efficient distribution logistics.

Correct Answer: Meeting customer demand efficiently

Capacity planning ensures that a service delivery system has the resources needed to meet customer demand efficiently, preventing bottlenecks or resource shortages.

Correct Answer: Products are produced in a continuous flow

In a flow shop process, products move in a continuous, standardized flow. This approach is suited for high-volume, low-variety production with an efficient and predictable process.