C273 Introduction to Sociology Practice Questions - Set 5 - Part 1

Correct Answer: b) Proletariat and Bourgeoisie

Marx divided society into the proletariat (working class) and the bourgeoisie (capitalist class), with the bourgeoisie controlling the means of production and exploiting the proletariat.

Correct Answer: b) Emile Durkheim

Durkheim studied how social integration affects individuals’ well-being, noting that those with weak social ties are more likely to experience issues like suicide.

Correct Answer: c) Emile Durkheim

Durkheim introduced “anomie” to describe a state of normlessness that occurs when social norms break down, leading to feelings of isolation and instability.

Correct Answer: c) To protect the rights and dignity of participants

Ethical standards in sociology aim to respect the rights, privacy, and welfare of participants, ensuring informed consent and confidentiality.

Correct Answer: d) Auguste Comte

Auguste Comte is regarded as the father of sociology and introduced “positivism,” advocating for the application of scientific methods to social sciences.

Correct Answer: b) Functionalism

Functionalism views society as a system in which different parts contribute to social stability, emphasizing the interconnectedness of societal structures.

Correct Answer: c) By the way individuals interpret and assign meaning to symbols

Symbolic interactionism posits that people create social realities by interpreting and assigning meaning to symbols in their interactions.

Correct Answer: c) Invisible barriers that prevent advancement of minorities and women

The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier in the workplace that limits the career advancement of women and minorities.

Correct Answer: b) Stratified Random Sample

Stratified sampling ensures representation from all subgroups, making it ideal for reflecting the diversity within a population.

Correct Answer: c) Herbert Spencer

Spencer coined “survival of the fittest” to describe social evolution, suggesting that only the “fittest” individuals contribute to societal advancement.

Correct Answer: b) Macroanalysis

Macroanalysis examines large-scale social structures and patterns, focusing on societal institutions and their effects on groups and individuals.

Correct Answer: b) Secondary Analysis

Secondary analysis involves reanalyzing data collected by other researchers to explore new research questions.

Correct Answer: d) Social Group

A social group consists of individuals who identify with one another based on shared characteristics, values, or interests.

Correct Answer: c) Social Structures

Social structures are stable patterns that shape society, such as the family, economy, and education systems.

Correct Answer: b) Self-concept

Self-concept is an individual’s understanding of their identity within a social context, including their roles, values, and beliefs.

Correct Answer: b) Max Weber

Weber examined the link between religious values, particularly the Protestant work ethic, and the development of capitalism.

Correct Answer: c) Shared beliefs and common values

Mechanical solidarity, common in traditional societies, relies on shared beliefs and values, which create strong social bonds.

Correct Answer: b) Unintended and beneficial

Latent functions are the unintended positive consequences of social behaviors, in contrast to manifest functions, which are intended.

Correct Answer: b) Case Study

Case studies allow for detailed analysis of a single event, person, or group, providing deep insights into complex issues.

Correct Answer: b) Judging other cultures based on one’s own cultural standards

Ethnocentrism involves judging other cultures through the lens of one’s own culture, often leading to biases and misunderstandings.